What kind of software tool are Notebook and ActivInspire examples of? One of Britain's leading computer companies, Acorn continued the Archimedes line, which grew to nearly twenty different models, into the 1990s. The company called it a connected organizer rather than a PDA to emphasize this ability. Apps, games, and accessories helped spur the popularity of the iPad and led to its adoption in thousands of different applications from movie making, creating art, making music, inventory control and point-of-sale systems, to name but a few. It also included more memory and accommodated high-density 1.2-megabyte 5 1/4-inch floppy disks. The 486 chips remained similar in structure to their predecessors, the 386 chips. Sun Microsystems grows out of this prototype. "Best study app ever! Download now! Sold complete with a main logic board, switching power supply, keyboard, case, manual, game paddles, and cassette tape containing the game Breakout, the Apple-II finds popularity far beyond the hobbyist community which made up Apples user community until then. The first VAIO, a desktop computer, featured an additional 3D interface on top of the Windows 95 operating system as a way of attracting new users. Among the lecturers were early computer designers like John von Neumann, Howard Aiken, J. Presper Eckert and John Mauchly, as well as mathematicians including Derrick Lehmer, George Stibitz, and Douglas Hartree. The 2200 used a built-in CRT, cassette tape for storage, and ran the programming language BASIC. What type of integration strategy is a teacher using when she has her students link up with local writers who critique the students' stories and email them feedback before their work is finalized and posted online? The touchscreen enabled smartphone also had built-in GPS navigation, high-definition camera, texting, calendar, voice dictation, and weather reports. The Commodore 64 was one of the most popular microcomputers of its era, and is the best-selling model of home computers of all time. Back in the 80s and 90s, the home computing revolution led to a huge number of microcomputers hitting the market across the world. It was widely used in DEC's workstations and servers, as well as several supercomputers like the Chinese Sunway Blue Light system, and the Swiss Gigabooster. What type of web-based creation is produced when students submit their written or artistic products to a website? Columbia Supercomputer system made up of SGI Altix. Which is an acknowledged benefit of software with drill and practice functions? The original design included two memory boards and could generate and store 512 characters as 16 lines of 32 characters. The popularity of 16-bit computers, such as the Hewlett-Packard 21xx series and the Data General Nova, led the way toward word lengths that were multiples of the 8-bit byte. Over 30 were completed, including one delivered to Australia. It was designed by MIT Lincoln Laboratory engineer Wesley Clark. Reduced instruction set computers (RISC) grow out of the observation that the simplest 20 percent of a computers instruction set does 80 percent of the work. The system was kept at NASA Ames Research Center until 2013, when it was removed to make way for two new supercomputers. Dollars. The Pi weighed only 45 grams and initially sold for only $25-$35 U.S. This type of computer is useful in performing many of the mathematical equations scientists and engineers encounter in their work. The TV Typewriter was used by many small television stations well in the 1990s. The Paragon at Caltech was named the fastest supercomputer in the world in 1992. FTCE Physical Education Certification Exam, Alan S. Willsky, Alan V. Oppenheim, Hamid Nawab, Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Statics and Dynamics, Brian Self, David Mazurek, E. Russell Johnston, Ferdinand Beer, Phillip Cornwell, 3.8.1 - Strategic direction: choosing which m, BCPS 2018: Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders. The notion of storing both data and instructions in memory became known as the stored program concept to distinguish it from earlier methods of instructing a computer. The company sold about 200 machines, losing $500 per unit. The IBM PC was widely copied (cloned) and led to the creation of a vast ecosystem of software, peripherals, and other commodities for use with the platform. The Mark-8 Do-It-Yourself kit is designed by graduate student John Titus and uses the Intel 8008 microprocessor. The US Army asked Bell Laboratories to design a machine to assist in testing its M-9 gun director, a type of analog computer that aims large guns to their targets. What type of web-based creation is produced when a teacher has art students sketchnoting about a visiting artist's lecture? Although manufactured by Remington Rand, the machine was often mistakenly referred to as the IBM Univac." It is recognized by the 2006 Guinness Book of World Records as the greatest selling single computer of all time. The Mark 1 was a refinement of the experimental Manchester Baby and Manchester Mark 1 computers, also at Manchester University. Lenovo became the largest manufacturer of PCs in the world with the acquisition, later also acquiring IBM's server line of computers. The World Wide Web was invented in the 90s The first digital computing services were invented in the The first commercial computers were available in First PCs in the First Cell phones in the 1940s 1950 80s 90s The first computer was designed to fire missles A "Bug" is used to describe A large parallel processing computer, the ILLIAC IV does not operate until 1972. The TI 99/4 sold well and led to a series of TI follow-on machines. The definition of a computer remained the same until the end of the 19th century, when the industrial revolution gave rise to mechanical machines whose primary purpose was . A large amount of software was created for the BBC Micro, including educational, productivity, and game programs. When the Minuteman I was decommissioned, some universities received these computers for use by students. Conceived in the UK by the Raspberry Pi Foundation, this credit card-sized computer features ease of use and simplicity making it highly popular with students and hobbyists. With the success of the clone, Compaq recorded first-year sales of $111 million, the most ever by an American business in a single year. Columbia was used in space vehicle analysis, including studying the Columbia disaster, but also in astrophysics, weather and ocean modeling. The banking industry rushed to adopt the machine, built to run during repair or expansion. Which of the following is one strategy often used in online courses to ensure academic integrity? The basic idea for bombes came from Polish code-breaker Marian Rejewski's 1938 "Bomba.". Microcomputer Applications - Quiz 1. In 2012, Apple introduced the Retina display for the MacBook Pro laptop and iPad tablet. What is the function of an IEP generator? Mathematician George Stibitz recommends using a relay-based calculator for the project. It developed a very loyal following while add-on components allowed it to be upgraded easily. At its introduction, it was listed as the second fastest supercomputer in the world and this single system increased NASA's supercomputing capacity 10-fold. The Manchester Mark I used more than 1,300 vacuum tubes and occupied an area the size of a medium room. What do research studies tend to confirm about online learning? A joint project of Englands Manchester University, Ferranti Computers, and Plessey, Atlas comes online nine years after Manchesters computer lab begins exploring transistor technology. It was used to model the decay of the US nuclear arsenal, analyze financial data, and render 3D medical images in real-time. The PROMs What made the Sacramento State computer both so unique--and so expensive--was the programmable read-only memory on its motherboard. (D) Most of those individuals and companies that could be expected to make up the potential market for the Regent microcomputer have already filled their microcomputer needs. Initially designed for internal use by HP employees, co-founder Bill Hewlett issues a challenge to his engineers in 1971: fit all of the features of their desktop scientific calculator into a package small enough for his shirt pocket. With an order for 50 assembled systems from Mountain View, California computer store The Byte Shop in hand, the pair started a new company, naming it Apple Computer, Inc. This is a list of early microcomputers sold to hobbyists and developers. Compaq beats IBM to the market when it announces the Deskpro 386, the first computer on the market to use Intels new 80386 chip, a 32-bit microprocessor with 275,000 transistors on each chip. While Apple sued to remove the Laser 128 from the market, they were unsuccessful and the Laser remained one of the very few Apple clones for sale. Designed by Don Lancaster, the TV Typewriter is an easy-to-build kit that can display alphanumeric information on an ordinary television set. -The Massive Open Online Course (M O O C). Spreadsheet Which software tool would be helpful for preparing a newsletter? Demand called for more than 12,000 of the 1401 computers, and the machines success made a strong case for using general-purpose computers rather than specialized systems. While larger than the previous G4 towers, the G5 had comparatively limited space for expansion. The University of Michigan Micro Mote (M3) is the smallest computer in the world at the time of its completion. Running on dual IBM 7090 mainframe computer systems, SABRE was inspired by IBMs earlier work on the SAGE air-defense system. Typically, computer users of the time fed their programs into a computer using punched cards or paper tape. The first offering to the public required the buyer to purchase one to be given to a child in the developing world as a condition of acquiring a machine for themselves. The Standards Eastern Automatic Computer (SEAC) is among the first stored program computers completed in the United States. A cassette tape interface provided supplementary storage for text. The Amiga sold for $1,295 (without monitor) and had audio and video capabilities beyond those found in most other personal computers. Once limited to surfing the Web, browsers are becoming the universal software platform on which end users launch into information searches, E-mail, multimedia file transfer, discussion groups, and many other Internet, intranet, and extranet applications. The Alto is a groundbreaking computer with wide influence on the computer industry. The most popular operating system for small microcomputers in the late 1970s was CP/M, written by Gary Kildall in about 1974 and marketed by the company he started, Digital Research, Inc. IBM visited Digital Research in August 1980 - some say at the suggestion of Bill Gates - to investigate using "CP/M-86, their upcoming version for . It was developed as a versatile instrument controller for HP's growing family of programmable test and measurement products. Paragon systems were used in many scientific areas, including atmospheric and oceanic flow studies, and energy research. The PDP-8 sold for $18,000, one-fifth the price of a small IBM System/360 mainframe. IBMs initial investment of $5 billion was quickly returned as orders for the system climbed to 1,000 per month within two years. service packs. The Roadrunner is the first computer to reach a sustained performance of 1 petaflop (one thousand trillion floating point operations per second). Combined with an enhanced bus interface unit, the microprocessor doubled the performance of the 386 without increasing the clock rate. Daniel Hillis of Thinking Machines Corporation moves artificial intelligence a step forward when he develops the controversial concept of massive parallelism in the Connection Machine CM-1. The British Broadcasting Corporations Computer Literacy Project hoped to introduce interested adults to the world of computers. Acorn produces a popular computer, the BBC Microcomputer System, so viewers at home could follow along on their own home computers as they watched the program. The PowerBook 100 was the entry-level machine, while the PowerBook 140 was more powerful and had a larger memory. One major advance in programming was Wilkes' use of a library of short programs, called subroutines, stored on punched paper tapes and used for performing common repetitive calculations within a lager program. While the PC Jr. sold poorly, the PC/AT sold in the millions. At the time IBM released the System/360, the company had just made the transition from discrete transistors to integrated circuits, and its major source of revenue began to move from punched card equipment to electronic computer systems. The LINC is an early and important example of a personal computer, that is, a computer designed for only one user. The first of several personal computers released in 1977, the PET comes fully assembled with either 4 or 8 KB of memory, a built-in cassette tape drive, and a membrane keyboard. The Institute of Advanced Study (IAS) computer is a multi-year research project conducted under the overall supervision of world-famous mathematician John von Neumann. Operators directed actions by touching a light gun to the SAGE airspace display. Built by IBM using their Blue Gene/Q supercomputer architecture, the Sequoia system is the world's fastest supercomputer in 2012. Nine of the computers, which featured dozens of advanced design innovations, were sold, mainly to national laboratories and major scientific users. The device was considered the earliest non-kit personal computer. . Apple enters the handheld computer market with the Newton. The first Q1 microcomputer was delivered in December of 1972, making it the first, as far as he can tell. Based around the Texas Instruments TMS 9900 microprocessor running at 3 MHz, the TI 99/4 has one of the fastest CPUs available in a home computer. The 48-bit machine used 92 point-contact transistors and 550 diodes. Zuse later supervised a reconstruction of the Z3 in the 1960s, which is currently on display at the Deutsches Museum in Munich. The Apple Mac computer running the Mac OS System 1 was the first commercially available computer with a graphical user interface. The computer he created, an all-black cube was an important innovation. The boss wants it to have a complex user interface with a time display, touch panel buttons and accurate timing for the toast cycle. It presents an approach to the technology and the implementation prOblem, documented with information about specific transit applica-tions. True The term DBMS is used in reference to spreadsheet software. Northrop was initially reluctant to make MADDIDA a commercial product, but by the end of 1952, six had sold. Shareware is a software program that is given away by the author for others to use free of charge. The basic computer cost $28,500. Tailored for online transaction processing, the Tandem-16 is one of the first commercial fault-tolerant computers. MOS 6502 ad from IEEE Computer, Sept. 1975. T/F True You can save money on your data plan by using this type of connection whenever possible for connecting to the Internet. In a widely circulated paper, mathematician John von Neumann outlines the architecture of a stored-program computer, including electronic storage of programming information and data -- which eliminates the need for more clumsy methods of programming such as plugboards, punched cards and paper. Which software was the first available for microcomputers? David Packard and Bill Hewlett found their company in a Palo Alto, California garage. FoxBase was originally released for the Apple II in 1984, followed by versions for the Commodore 64, IBM PC, and Atari ST. A version for the Macintosh was also released in 1985. At the same press conference, IBM also announced 40 completely new peripherals for the new family. In 1979, Truong sold R2E to Bull. Lisa itself, and especially its GUI, were inspired by earlier work at the Xerox Palo Alto Research Center. Originally a joint project with IBM and Microsoft, OS/2 is know maintained by IBM, and was a competitive product to the various MS Windows programs. The PC Jr. is marketed as a home computer but is too expensive and limited in performance to compete with many of the other machines in that market. The company was incorporated by three 26-year-old Stanford alumni: Bechtolsheim, Vinod Khosla and Scott McNealy. . After the war, Herzstarks Curta made history as the smallest all-mechanical, four-function calculator ever built. Until recently, good microcomputer software for multimedia presentations was not available, but was much in demand by businesses. The PET was popular with schools and for use as a home computer. OPENSTEP was used as one of the foundations for the new Mac OS operating system soon after NeXT was acquired by Apple in 1996. Answers: Convert data into an electronic machine-readable form for direct entry into a computer system. The world's first scanned image was made on SEAC by engineer Russell Kirsch in 1957. Commodores Amiga 1000 is announced with a major event at New York's Lincoln Center featuring celebrities like Andy Warhol and Debbie Harry of the musical group Blondie. One of the earliest personal computers, the Kenbak-1 is advertised for $750 in Scientific American magazine. The NBS also built the Standards Western Automatic Computer (SWAC) at the Institute for Numerical Analysis on the UCLA campus. Linux, NetWare, UNIX, Windows. Which of the following is not a significant challenge in regard to assessing students who are English language learners (ELLs)? The Nest Learning Thermostat is an early product made for the emerging Internet of Things, which envisages a world in which common everyday devices have network connectivity and can exchange information or be controlled. Atari's 8-bit computers were influential in the arts, especially in the emerging DemoScene culture of the 1980s and '90s. Designed to replace the 32-bit VAX architecture, the Alpha is a 64-bit reduced instruction set computer (RISC) microprocessor. True/False True The most controversial changes to Windows in Windows 8 were the GUI. In 1984, Michael Dell creates PC's Limited while still a student of the University of Texas at Austin. The RISC PC was used widely in UK broadcast television and in music production. 1945: Memex It was named after John von Neumann, a world famous mathematician and computer pioneer of the day. High packaging density of integrated circuits and a novel Freon cooling system also contributed to its speed. Millions of Apple IIs were sold between 1977 and 1993, making it one of the longest-lived lines of personal computers. The first practical stored-program computer to provide a regular computing service, EDSAC is built at Cambridge University using vacuum tubes and mercury delay lines for memory. The first of David Hilbert's 23 unsolved problems presented at the Paris conference of the International Congress of Mathematicians in 1900 involved the Continuum Hypothesis. Mark-8 featured on Radio-Electronics July 1974 cover. The Jaguar was used to study climate science, seismology, and astrophysics applications. An ecologist, for example, could sprinkle thousands of motes from the air onto a field and measure soil and air temperature, moisture, and sunlight, giving them accurate real-time data about the environment. The machines existence was not made public until the 1970s. The knowledge and technologies developed for the Stretch project played a major role in the design, management, and manufacture of the later IBM System/360--the most successful computer family in IBM history. System/360 was aimed at both business and scientific customers and all models could run the same software, largely without modification. Based on ideas from Alan Turing, Britains Pilot ACE computer is constructed at the National Physical Laboratory. B. What is a prominent research finding regarding students who engage in computer programming activities? The word "computer" was first used in 1613 in the book The Yong Mans Gleanings by Richard Braithwaite and originally described a human who performed calculations or computations. The Univac 1 is the first commercial computer to attract widespread public attention. any combo of hardware or software designed to provide services to us. Based on the Touchstone Delta computer Intel had built at Caltech, the Paragon is a parallel supercomputer that uses 2,048 (later increased to more than four thousand) Intel i860 processors. More than 50 PDP-1s were sold. Sun helped cement the model of a workstation having an Ethernet interface as well as high-resolution graphics and the UNIX operating system. Term. Which instructional software function would probably be the most appropriate choice for allowing students to discover rules for genetics? In 1977, MITS was sold to Pertec, which continued producing Altairs in 1978. 25. After the success of the PET, Commodore remained a major player in the personal computer market into the 1990s. Univac computers were used in many different applications but utilities, insurance companies and the US military were major customers. Spinning at 12,500 rpm, the 650s magnetic data-storage drum allowed much faster access to stored information than other drum-based machines. This was the first program in history to run on a digital, electronic, stored-program computer. Used for science and engineering as well as simple data processing, the LGP-30 was a bargain at less than $50,000 and an early example of a personal computer, that is, a computer made for a single user. The Pentium is the fifth generation of the x86 line of microprocessors from Intel, the basis for the IBM PC and its clones. Answer (1 of 14): There's a good argument that written mathematics or music is probably the first, a pre-specified structured set of instructions intended to transport and replicate a process. C. Be, founded by former Apple executive Jean Louis Gasse and a number of former Apple, NeXT and SUN employees, releases their only product the BeBox. The computer had to be rugged and fast, with advanced circuit design and reliable packaging able to withstand the forces of a missile launch. H. Edward Roberts, the Florida-born former U.S. Air Force officer who headed MITS, decided to design a small, affordable computer around the Intel 8080. A consortium of aerospace, energy, and marine science agencies undertook the project, and the system was built by NEC around their SX-6 architecture. and taking up a volume of less than 1 cubic foot. Only one month later, another one million Raspberry Pis were delivered. 2. Almost a million units were ordered on the day of release. b. enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems. The first IBM PC, formally known as the IBM Model 5150, was based on a 4.77 MHz Intel 8088 microprocessor and used Microsofts MS-DOS operating system. In October 2013, the one millionth Raspberry Pi was shipped. Commodore even used Star Trek television star William Shatner in advertisements. Get started for free! Bill Gates and Paul Allen licensed their BASIC programming language interpreter to MITS as the main language for the Altair. The Micral computer series debuted their first computer in early 1973. Despite using 98,304 PowerPC chips, Sequoia's relatively low power usage made it unusually efficient. The keyboard was comprised of three roughly triangular interlocking pieces, which formed a full-sized keyboard when the laptop was opened -- resulting in a keyboard significantly wider than the case. The TRS-80 line of computers later included color, portable, and handheld versions before being discontinued in the early 1990s. Xerox PARC physicist Gary Starkweather realizes in 1967 that exposing a copy machines light-sensitive drum to a paper original isnt the only way to create an image. Started by a group of engineers that left Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC), Data General designs the Nova minicomputer. Incorporating a version of Apple's iOS operating system, as well as sensors for environmental and health monitoring, the Apple Watch was designed to be incorporated into the Apple environment with compatibility with iPhones and Mac Books. One biblical scholar even used a Univac 1 to compile a concordance to the King James version of the Bible. Their first product, the HP 200A Audio Oscillator, rapidly became a popular piece of test equipment for engineers. System/360 is a major event in the history of computing. The 6502 and its progeny are still used today, usually in embedded applications. The Invention of the PC These innovations made it cheaper and easier to. Each credit card-sized Arduino board consisted of an inexpensive microcontroller and signal connectors which made Arduinos ideal for use in any application connecting to or monitoring the outside world. Joe Thompson at Whirlwind console, ca. Replacing their Archimedes computer, the RISC PC from UK's Acorn Computers uses the ARMv3 RISC microprocessor. Built as an electro-mechanical means of decrypting Nazi ENIGMA-based military communications during World War II, the British Bombe is conceived of by computer pioneer Alan Turing and Harold Keen of the British Tabulating Machine Company. It was sold exclusively in Japan, but could process alphabetic and Japanese kana characters. What are students programming when they develop a computer-generated environment in which a real-life scene is overlaid with computer-generated information? After the success of the first LEO, Lyons went into business manufacturing computers to meet the growing need for data processing systems in business. It could also share files and print out documents on an advanced Xerox laser printer. Foremost among its developments was Forresters perfection of magnetic core memory, which became the dominant form of high-speed random access memory for computers until the mid-1970s. Franklin was able to undercut Apple's pricing even while offering some features not available on the original. User interface VisiCalc was released in 1979 and quickly became a must-have tool for business users. Definition. _____ account allows changes that affect other users, changes to security settings, installation of software and hardware, and access to all files on the computer. The function of an output device is to: Selected Answer: Convert electronic information produced by the computer system into human-intelligible form for presentation to end-users. That same year in Germany, engineer Konrad Zuse built his Z2 computer, also using telephone company relays. What characteristic is common to most Personalized Learning Systems (PLS)? Many companies have attempted to release electronic reading systems dating back to the early 1990s. The machine was designed and built by Atanasoff and graduate student Clifford Berry between 1939 and 1942. Southwest Technical Products is founded by Daniel Meyer as DEMCO in the 1960s to provide a source for kit versions of projects published in electronics hobbyist magazines. What is the best statement about your choice of a microcontroller for the project? a. Mac OS b. DOS (Disk Operating System) c. desktop operating system d. Linux 0 points QUESTION 2 1. One of the first commercially produced computers, the companys first customer was the US Navy. It has pre-programmed curricular material. Announced the year previously at the New York World's Fair the Programma 101 goes on sale. . The micro has to have a real . So in 1971, Starkweather transferred to Xerox Palo Alto Research Center (PARC), away from corporate oversight. In 1987, the year after Microsoft went public, 31-year-old Gates became the world's youngest billionaire. Federico Faggin led the design and Ted Hoff led the architecture. Thousands of software titles were released over the lifespan of the C64 and by the time it was discontinued in 1993, it had sold more than 22 million units. DEC is founded initially to make electronic modules for test, measurement, prototyping and control markets.
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