[7], After Joseph Smith was killed in 1844, Young joined the majority of Latter Day Saints in accepting the leadership of Brigham Young and the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles. Despite the clean-cut image of family-oriented conservatives that the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (commonly known as the Mormon Church) presents to the world, it too has moments of darkness in its past. DJ Ferguson's family say he was first on the list to receive the transplant at Brigham and Women's Hospital but he is no longer eligible because of his vaccination status, CBS Boston reported. She demanded Mormon authorities listen to the cry of his blood and take swift vengeance against the Fancher train, which had left Arkansas long before Pratt was killed. Phineas' wife Clarissa was also baptized about this same time. She believed Gods legions would hunt them down in every land & place. With help from Mormon apostles in Missouri, Eleanor arrived in Utah on July 23, 1857, where she allegedly charged that men in the Fancher party had helped her first husband murder Apostle Pratt. https://www.history.com/topics/religion/brigham-young. He went on to become a missionary in England. That progressed into a host of angels, then it evolved to God appearing to Smith in a pillar of fire. For example, George W. Bean was called as a Seventy at age 14; Don Carlos Smith was called to preside over the High Priests Quorum at age 19; Joseph F. Smith was ordained as an elder and sent on a mission at age 15; and George A. Smith was called to be a member of the First Quorum of the Seventy at age 17 and as an apostle in the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles at age 21, making him the youngest apostle to ever serve in the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles (500 Little-Known Facts in Mormon History). In regard to emigrating trains arriving and passing through our settlements, he wrote in a letter designed to restore calm in Southern Utah, We must not interfere with them. These clear and difficult-to-misread words were rushed to Cedar City after Young received an express from local setters there telling him of pending trouble. As any attorney knows, the problem with a guilty client is he acts guilty, and after the massacre Brigham Young never behaved like an innocent man. In early 1846, Young and an advance group began an arduous journey some 1,300 miles across the plains and over the Rocky Mountains. While the church leaders temper and strong words at the pulpit earned him a reputation for coercion, in truth, those who knew him best often spoke of his caution and his abhorrence of bloodshed. Brigham Young University was named in his honor. On the other hand, Mormons have insisted that the massacre was perpetrated by local members acting without sanction from headquarters. Polygamy has long been a blight on Mormonisms public relations. . In the early days of the Church, it was common for members to be called to serve at young ages. Park City, Utah, United States. Conditions Governing Access Open for public research. Wouldnt these events have kindled Youngs anger and led him to seek revenge? Brigham Young (pictured) is revered by Mormons as the second prophet of modern times. Because the historical past will always be opaque, historians must seek the weight of evidence, and in this case, the preponderance suggests Youngs innocence. The following are a few facts necessary for an understanding of this terrible event in Western and Mormon history. He promised they wouldnt stop until the last drop of blood was spilled. What was the favorite type of mule used in the Old West? Salt Lake City would soon become the bustling center of life in theChurch of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. "Settlers burned and vandalized at least 200 buildings in four Palestinian villages," according to The New York Times. Following Haights orders, Lee negotiated a cease fire with the wagon company on September 11. Hearing this, Brigham Young preached fiery sermons encouraging the saints to lift the sword and slay them.. Theres one answer to all these questions: Brigham Young ordered the murders as a righteous act of vengeance. Niggas Sooooo Good 06. A CONFESSION etched on a newly discovered lead sheet has shaken the Mormon Church by linking its revered leader, Brigham Young, with one of the worst massacres in American history. Bridger Walker, 6, is being hailed as a hero for protecting his 4-year-old sister from a dog attack. Immediately the German community attacked the schools for giving a false picture of German culture. Director Henry Hathaway Writers Louis Bromfield Lamar Trotti (screenplay) Stars Tyrone Power Linda Darnell Dean Jagger The Christian faith centers on beliefs regarding the birth, life, death and resurrection of Jesus Christ. Good history must be based on facts. Will Bagley, a history columnist for the Salt Lake Tribune, is the author of Blood of the Prophets: Brigham Young and the Massacre at Mountain Meadows published by the University of Oklahoma Press. Brigham Young clearly wasn't free of his ex-wife just yet. According to Mormon doctrines, prophets speak to God and communicate God's will to Mormons. They primarily belong to The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints, or LDS, which is headquartered in Salt Lake City, Utah, and has more than 16 read more, When Brigham Young and his band of Mormon settlers marched into Utah in 1847, they saw a vast expanse of land they envisioned as a sanctuary. This week, as America mourned those lost in the terrorist attacks of 9/11, some Mormons quietly remembered another tragedy that took place on the same day 144 years earlier: the Mountain Meadows Massacre, in which a group of Mormons militia members killed about 120 men, women, and children in cold blood. There is a logic to this. Jun 2021 - Present1 year 10 months. Who is Katy mixon body double eastbound and down season 1 finale? No other group of people [comes] close.. The last known version, the one in which he saw both God and Jesus, is the version contained in the Mormon book of scriptures known as the Pearl of Great Price and is the version taught both to the Latter-day Saint faithful and those considering converting to the faith. Why did Brigham Young allegedly send a message telling Southern Utahns NOT to kill the emigrants unless he was countermanding previous orders? Even though Bennets claims were never directly supported by others, they were implicitly supported by William Law, the man who was Joseph Smiths right-hand man at the time. Particularly telling is the testimony of those who did the killing at the Meadows. According to this story, they told him that all religions existing at the time were abominations. The sheer variety of Brigham Young's marriages makes it difficult to make sense of them. [6] Young was present in Richmond, Missouri when Cowdery died. A disgraced former Geography professor at Mormon-founded Brigham Young University in Utah who was charged with sexually abusing a female students after allegedly telling her she needed to straddle . Pissy Hastens 02. On the 7th, Lee attacked with militia men and some Paiute Indians he had recruited. The five sons of John and Nabby Young From left to right: Lorenzo Dow, Brigham, Phineas H., Joseph, and John. He has been a guest speaker on numerous national radio and television stations and is a five time published author. Its no coincidence, then, that pulp fiction and Hollywood have used these ingredientsmystery, conspiracy and mass murderfor years. After Cowdery was excommunicated from the church in 1838, Young wrote him several letters pleading with him to come back into the church. While several reasons for this statement may be suggested, most persuasive is the ebb and flow of the local decision-making during the weeklong event. Sharon Smith & Mike Leach Were Friends at Brigham Young University; Mike Used to Visit Her Apartment to Watch Television Sharon Smith and Mike Leach both attended Brigham Young University. Why didnt he use his powers as territorial governor to hunt down the men who committed this despicable crime? They arrived in the Great Salt Lake Valley on July 24, 1847. David Roberts. Richards. They were murdered by a small Mormon militia and its Indian allies in a horrible ploy: after a four-day gun battle with their attackers, the pioneers accepted a truce that turned out to be a deadly lie. Women in Utah were treated like a commodity, with Church apostle Heber C. Kimball once observing, I would think nothing more of taking a wife than of buying a cow. Men married additional women to show their status as righteous men who were devoted to their faith and would often marry more women than they could afford to support, keeping the less-liked wives in other towns and forcing them to earn their own living. An early convert to Mormonism, Brigham Young succeeded founder Joseph Smith as the president of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in 1847; he led the church until his death in 1877. It turns out that she was actually wife No. In 1832, he was baptized into the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, the religion founded by Joseph Smith in 1830 based on the Book of Mormon, a scripture that Smith claimed to have translated from gold plates given to him by an angel named Moroni. On April 15, 1832, Young and his brother John were baptized into the Latter Day Saint Church of Christ. Later in 1841, Young served a mission to Cincinnati and its environs with Franklin D. He stopped at the cairn the U.S. Armys First Dragoons had raised in 1859 over the grave of the emigrants whose scattered bones they had collected and buried. Why? Some testimony came in private interviews when there was no motive to lie. Mormons believe that Joseph Smith had a vision in 1820 in which he saw God and Jesus (first vision depicted in a sculpture above). Yet no narrative has a daily summary of what went on using the rich documents compiled at the time or the growing body of historical literature on the topic. Not historical conspiracies created by authors speculating about the past. According to a BYU Scholars article, His speaking talent, organizational and leadership ability, and political sagacity were given untiringly to the service of his church. Hiding Rockwells role in expressing Eleanor to Utah from my late friend Hal was evidence that had been carefully suppressed. The nation was and remains horrified by what happened at Mountain Meadows. 10 Strange Beauty Secrets Of History's Most Beautiful Women, Top 10 Disturbingly Dark Moments In Spider-Man History, 10 Dark And Esoteric Occult Practices From History, 10 Bizarre Secrets Behind America's National Treasures, 10 Amazing Secrets Recently Revealed At Historical Landmarks, 10 Secrets Businesses Don't Want You To Know, Top 10 Secrets Of Iconic Hollywood Sounds, 10 Controversial Toys You Might Already Have in Your Home, Ten Absolutely Vicious Fights over Inherited Fortunes, 10 Female Film Pioneers Who Shaped the Movies, Ten True Tales from Americas Toughest Prison, 10 Times Members of Secretive Societies and Organizations Spilled the Beans, 10 Common Idioms with Unexpectedly Dark Origins, 10 North American Animals with Misplaced Reputations, Institute for the Study of the American World, Widtsoe Collection, Utah State Historical Society, 10 Dramatic Ways Major Religions Have Reversed Positions, 10 Religions In The Middle East You Have Never Heard Of, Top 10 Proposed Locations For The Garden Of Eden, 10 Archaeological Relics From The Life Of Jesus Christ. Most Mormons are aware that Young instituted a ban on black people holding Church leadership positions and entering their temples, but few are aware of how extreme he was. Church historians revealed over the summer that the 144-year-old Brigham Young Family Cemetery, 140 E. First Avenue, has been bedeviled during the past two years by a spate of trespassing . Conditions Governing Use In 1833, after the death of his first wife, Young and his two daughters joined Smith and other Mormons in Kirtland, Ohio. Learning how Eleanor McLean Pratt got to Salt Lake City convinced me Brigham Young did it. The 12th Mrs. Pratt had buried her polygamous husband Parley in Arkansas the previous May, and she was obsessed with exacting vengeance from his murderers. By the summer of 1877, Young's health was in decline, but he continued to play an active role in the Mormon church up until the end. An armed mob assassinated Smith in 1844, and Young and the other apostles took charge of leading the Mormon church. It misfired six times, and he then pointed it at a post and all six shots discharged properly" (Remembering Joseph" by Mark L. McConkie, 73-74). On August 29, 1877, Brigham Young died in Salt Lake City at the age of 76. He was replaced as governor the following year by Alfred Cumming. In 1853, he became the second counselor to David Fullmer in the presidency of the Salt Lake Stake of the church. His son, also named Alma, rebelled against everything he was taught. He announced that they were scrolls written by Abraham and, a year later, he said he translated the hieroglyphics by the power of God. As one of John D. Lees wives put it, The Mormons were so insulted and indignant over the death or murder of Pratt that they Raked untold Vengeance on the poor Emigrants.. Brigham Young, ca 1850 Brigham Young was born June 1, 1801 in Whittingham, Vermont. Throughout the revolution, After fleeing hostile forces in Missouri and Illinois, Mormons settled in the Salt Lake Valley under Brigham Young and from there established colonies all over the West as well as in Mexico. Early in his life, Phineas was a Methodist preacher.[1]. Young denounced Justice Perry Brocchus as either profoundly ignorant or corruptly wicked soon after his arrival, and ultimately all three federal officers gave up hopes of effective cooperation and left the territory. [5], Young was married to Lucy, the half-sister of Oliver Cowdery. [2] Shortly after their baptisms, Phineas Young and Joseph Young became ordained elders in the church began preaching as missionaries in New York and Upper Canada. On April 15, 1832, Young and his brother John were baptized into the Latter Day Saint Church of Christ. 52 or thereabouts. In short, Youngs letter must be taken at face value: It was a determined, almost frantic, attempt to stop the massacre. Everybody (Source Codes) However, the revelation that Smith said he received commanding polygamy specifically forbade women marrying more than one man. Such a day-by-day approach yields new understanding. The Mormon apostle Parley P. Pratt had recently been murdered in Arkansas after essentially trying to kidnap children. Young won the leadership and Strang was considered a heretic and excommunicated from the Mormon Church. Are there books about other independent women of the early West? Brigham Young at Home is a valuable addition to the history of the home life of pioneer days. [Young] is not only the president here but he is the president of the states and kingdoms of this world no matter if they have not elected him. In a very real sense, Brigham Young was the law. In return for surrendering their weapons, the emigrants would be allowed safe passage to Cedar City. Of course, there's also the Opening Ceremony, the Cougar Run, a football game, and more. Brigham Young neither ordered nor approved of the Mountain Meadows Massacre beforehand, but his unwillingness to cooperate with federal officials precipitated the crisis, and his subsequent actions and rhetoric inflamed tensions rather than calming them. Who were the models in Van Halen's finish what you started video? What are the Physical devices used to construct memories? He trudged around the United States and England to gain converts for Mormonism, spoke in spiritual tongues, married more than 50 women, and eventually transformed a barren desert into his vision of the Kingdom of God. Sept. 11 was a tragic date in American history long before the terrorist attacks of 2001. In 1844, after the assassination of Mormon leader Joseph Smith by an angry mob in Illinois, the Mormons choose Brigham Young as their new leader and follow him to a new promised land in Utah. After a standoff of several days, the Mormons called a truce, only to massacre most of the wagon train party, including some 120 men, women and children. Brigham Young Pioneer Prophet. The victims bodies were stripped naked and left to rot in the open air. His brother Joseph was baptized the next day and Brigham Young was baptized approximately one week later. . Catholicism has the Inquisition and the Crusades. Some of his brides were as young as 14, and he even married women who already had living husbands. Though many suspected Young of ordering or at least covering up the attack, John Lee, an adopted son of Youngs, was the only Mormon brought to trial for the Mountain Meadows massacre; he was executed in 1877. Of course, anti-Young historians say otherwise. Subscribe for fascinating stories connecting the past to the present. In 1835, the Three Witnesses selected Young as one of the inaugural members of the Quorum of the Twelve. The attack occurred on April 6. Cold Milk 07. Through most of the nineteenth century, the American West was considered the land of opportunity. 1,204,523 People also liked After the death of Joseph Smith, the founder of Mormonism, the mantle of leader of the church was up for grabs. Johnson earned his freedom and owned a 250-acre farm, and his son . Brigham Young's adopted son. The former BYU student (in the 1960s) and president (1980-1989) expressed his deep love for the university, noted the blessings of a school focused on . "use strict";(function(){var insertion=document.getElementById("citation-access-date");var date=new Date().toLocaleDateString(undefined,{month:"long",day:"numeric",year:"numeric"});insertion.parentElement.replaceChild(document.createTextNode(date),insertion)})(); FACT CHECK: We strive for accuracy and fairness. According to lds.org, George A. Smith was deeply committed to the Church since his baptism in 1832. Was brigham young stabbed by a son named Phineas? Brigham Young, second President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, better known as the Mormon Church, ranks among the most influential and important historical figures not just in Mormon, but also in American history. But, I can hear Mormon historians object, this is purely circumstantial evidence Young actually ordered the killings. Could be, but its no more circumstantial than the evidence O.J. Americans enjoy a good mystery, and they like conspiracies. A flyer passed out by a neo-Nazi group outside Brigham and Womens Hospital in Boston on January 22, 2022 targeting anti-racism physicians. He wasn't elected or picked to lead the Saints west, he was foreordained to lead them and gained their love and belief in his guidance. From Vailsburg To Vaudeville 04. When they turned up at the Smithsonian Institute in the 1920s, they were returned to the Mormon Church. Brigham Young was a rough-hewn craftsman from New York whose impoverished and obscure life was electrified by the Mormon faith. Young read the Bible verse the soldiers had inscribed on a cedar cross atop the monument: Vengeance is mine, saith the Lord., It should read, he said, Vengeance is mine, and I have taken a little. Young then directed the desecration of the grave. Tragically, Youngs letter arrived two days after the massacre, despite one of the epic rides in Western history. During the Mexican Revolution from 1910 to 1920, a few battles were fought in the Mexican towns just across the border from Arizonan border settlements. By John G. Turner. . After a 500 mile round trip journey, militiamen received this response on Sept 13, two days too late to prevent the massacre. [4] By 1841 he had relocated to Nauvoo. Further, Joseph H. Jackson, a new arrival to Nauvoo who had a shady past, later claimed in his memoirs that Joseph Smith offered him $3,000 to free Rockwell from prison and shoot Boggs. The non-Mormons who were present at Rigdons sermon were rightfully alarmed. In 1857, at the time of the Mountain Meadows Massacre, Brigham Young, was serving as President of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) and as Governor of Utah Territory. Egyptologists (both Mormon and non-Mormon) were invited to view the scrolls and translate them, but they found that the scrolls were ordinary funerary texts that had nothing to do with Abraham. Then, his relationship with Joseph Smith (depicted above in a statue at the Temple Squares North Visitors Center) suffered due to a number of factors that strained the friendship including when Smith tried to marry Rigdons daughter (while Smith was already married) and his refusal to support polygamy. Young testified that Cowdery's last statements were on the truth of Mormonism as revealed through Joseph Smith. Brent L. Top,professor of Church History and Doctrine at BYU, in an interview explained a little more about how these experiences influenced Brigham Young: In an article written by Top, he elaborates more on what Brigham Young taught about the life that awaits us after death: For more incredible insights into what prophets and apostles have taught about the spirit world, check out Life After Death: 6 Insights into the Spirit World. This applied to countries as well as individuals. Young unambiguously condoned the attack afterwards. by Will Bagley and Ron Walker | Apr 1, 2003 | Features & Gunfights. Reading the September 2000 True West article by Glenn Shirley, titled, A Tireless Energy & Nerves of Steel, I was fascinated by Caroline Bonneville. Police are investigating. S. Dilworth Young. The Taylor Mill Police Department (TMPD). Logically, the idea of ordering a massacre as 2,500 U.S. troops marched upon Salt Lake City is absurd. The mob killed men, women and all but 17 of the smallest children . He died of appendicitis in August of 1877. When the rumors expanded to include a claim that the pioneers were going to bring troops back from California to attack the Mormon settlements, a group of Mormons dressed as Native Americans attacked their wagon train and, after a three-day assault, killed all men, women, and children over the age of eight. But history is not assumption. Brigham Young wasn't the only latter-day prophet to have such close experiences with death. Stubborn facts. Young was born in Hopkinton, Massachusetts, the seventh child of John Young and Abigail Howe. However, church president Joseph Smith insisted that his brother William Smith be selected in place of Young. Mormon Historians Shed Light On Sept. 11, 1857. For motives, they point to the persecution of the Mormon people and to the earlier killing of Mormon leaders Joseph and Hyrum Smith. The other versions are never mentioned, though they are available on a Church-run website. Speaking of lineage, I should like to explain to you that whatever your great-grandparents or forebears did cannot be grafted into your own life. He was ordained king and priest by the Council of Fifty, and acted accordingly. (Above) John D. Lee sits on his coffin moments before being executed for reportedly ordering the Mountain Meadows attack.
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